Agenda: The Art of Not Pushing: A Practical, Experiential Introduction to Motivational Interviewing
0:00–0:15 | Welcome, Introduction & Experiential Exercise
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Introduction to Motivational Interviewing and the goals of the workshop
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Why MI? Applications across therapy, brief interventions, referrals, and case management
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Activity: “The Worst Advice” — participants experience the difference between being told what to do and being helped to discover their own motivation
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Guided discussion: What makes people more—or less—open to change?
0:15–0:35 | The Spirit of MI: A Different Way of Being With Clients
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What Motivational Interviewing is—and what it is not
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The four elements of PACE: Partnership, Acceptance/Autonomy, Compassion, and Evocation
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The therapist’s role: collaboration rather than confrontation
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The Righting Reflex and the urge to fix, advise, persuade, or convince
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Guided discussion: When does our desire to help actually get in the way?
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Pair exercise: Identifying and replacing the “righting reflex”
0:35–0:55 | Ambivalence, Sustain Talk & Change Talk
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Understanding ambivalence as “feeling two or more ways about one thing”
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Sustain Talk versus Change Talk
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Why arguing for change can strengthen the client’s argument against change
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Understanding resistance as information rather than something to defeat
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Activity: Participants identify Change Talk and Sustain Talk from sample client statements
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Guided discussion: What happens when therapists argue with Sustain Talk?
0:55–1:20 | OARS: The Core Conversational Skills
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Open-ended questions: moving beyond information gathering
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Affirmations: recognizing effort, values, strengths, and self-efficacy rather than simply praising outcomes
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Reflections: the foundation of MI
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Summaries: selectively reinforcing what matters
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Simple vs. complex reflections
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Experiential exercise: Reflection “Dodgeball”
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Triad practice: Therapist, client, and observer rotate through OARS exercises
1:20–1:30 | Break
1:30–1:55 | Evoking Change Talk: Helping Clients Make Their Own Case for Change
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The difference between eliciting motivation and providing motivation
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DARN-CAT: Desire, Ability, Reasons, Need, Commitment, Activation, Taking Steps
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Questions that evoke Change Talk
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Asking clients to elaborate on Change Talk
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Linking Change Talk to the client’s values and goals
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Looking backward: previous successes and exceptions
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Looking forward: hopes, goals, and preferred future
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Activity: “Catch the Change Talk” — identifying opportunities to deepen client motivation
1:55–2:15 | Strengthening Change Talk
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How to respond when Change Talk appears
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Reflecting and reinforcing motivation without becoming directive
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Using summaries to “collect” Change Talk
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Developing discrepancy between current behavior and personally held values without shaming
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Exploring values, goals, and consequences
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Pair exercise: Turning weak Change Talk into stronger Change Talk
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Guided discussion: When does encouragement become persuasion?
2:15–2:35 | Readiness, Focusing & Finding the Right Target
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The difference between Engaging, Focusing, Evoking, and Planning
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Agenda Mapping: helping clients identify what matters most
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Choosing a target that is meaningful to the client
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Readiness Rulers: using importance and confidence to guide the conversation
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Why “Why aren't you a 10?” is often more useful than pushing for commitment
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Practice exercise: Readiness Ruler conversations
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Guided discussion: What do we do when the client chooses a goal that isn't our preferred goal?
2:35–2:55 | Rolling With Resistance
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Resistance as information about the interaction
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Common forms of resistance: arguing, interrupting, negating, and ignoring
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Recognizing when the therapist is moving too quickly
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Strategies for responding:
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Rapid-fire practice: “What would you say next?”
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Participants practice responding to increasingly challenging client statements
2:55–3:15 | From Conversation to Action: Planning for Change
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Moving from Evoking to Planning
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Recognizing when a client is ready to move toward action
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Eliciting rather than imposing a change plan
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Assessing confidence and buy-in
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Developing specific, realistic next steps
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Identifying barriers and potential supports
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Strengthening commitment while maintaining autonomy
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Practice: Turning a conversation about change into a collaborative action plan
3:15–3:30 | Capstone Role-Play & Takeaways
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Full MI role-play: Participants conduct a brief MI conversation from beginning to end
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Peer feedback using an MI skills checklist
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Identify one MI skill each participant wants to practice in their next session
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Final discussion: “What will you do differently with your next ambivalent client?”
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Review of practical MI skills:
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Frontload engagement
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Clarify the presenting problem
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Identify the client’s agenda
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Elicit Change Talk
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Use OARS intentionally
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Reflect Sustain Talk rather than arguing with it
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Use readiness rulers
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Reinforce autonomy and self-efficacy
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Assess buy-in before planning
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Roll with resistance